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Authors
Pan, Xiao
Wang, Chengtao
Luo, Xuhui
Dong, Qi
Sun, Haiyang
Zhang, Wentao
Qu, Hongyan
Deng, Runzhi
Lin, Zitong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
“2015” Cultivation Program for Reserve Talents for Academic Leaders of Nanjing Stomatological School, Medical School of Nanjing University (No. 0223A204)
the High-Level Hospital Construction Project of Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University (No. 0224C011)
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Article History
Received: 6 April 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Declarations
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: All CBCT scans were exported in Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format. Prior to conducting this retrospective study, approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University [Ethics Approval: No. NJSH-2024NL-065]. To protect patient privacy, we strictly comply with data privacy and protection laws and regulations, and have undergone strict anonymization of all patient data during the collection process. Due to the use of de-identified historical medical records in this study and the fact that the study protocol posed no additional risks to participants, the ethics committee waived informed consent, in compliance with the “Guidelines for the Construction of Ethical Review Committees for Clinical Research Involving People” (2019).This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of our Hospital [Ethics Approval: No. NJSH-2024NL-065] and performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. To protect patient privacy, we strictly adhere to relevant data privacy and protection laws and regulations. All patients’ data were anonymized during the collection process, any personally identifiable information has been removed.
: Not Applicable.All data have been anonymized and informed consent for publication has been obtained from all participants and authors.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
