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Authors
Wu, Sijia
Zhang, Zeyan
Yuan, Wei
Yang, Jing
Huang, Xin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sponsored by Beijing Nova Program (20240484547)
Sponsored by Beijing Nova Program (20240484547)
Sponsored by Beijing Nova Program (20240484547)
Sponsored by Beijing Nova Program (20240484547)
Sponsored by Beijing Nova Program (20240484547)
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Article History
Received: 5 April 2025
Accepted: 21 August 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: As this study used anonymized data from a public database, it was granted an exemption by the Institutional Review Board of the Beijing Stomatological Hospital. The requirement for informed consent to participate was also waived. The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
