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Authors
Elmergawy, Fagr Hassan
Fathy, Iman Ahmed
Abulwafa, Zeinab Mahmoud
Elzayat, Ghada Ahmed
Seif, Heba Mahmoud
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
October University for Modern Sciences and Arts
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Article History
Received: 26 April 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at Ain Shams University (FDASU-Rec IR022522), following the Helsinki Declaration. Written informed consents were given to all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
