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Authors
Panya, Sappasith
Chongarnon, Sirada
Chintaroj, Sirapitchaya
Prommanee, Sasiprapa
Thaweesapphithak, Sermporn
Fakhruddin, Kausar Sadia
Chantarangsu, Soranun
Porntaveetus, Thantrira https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-9801
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health Systems Research Institute (68-032)
Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University (DRF68_007)
Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund Chulalongkorn University (HEA_FF_68_008_3200_001)
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Article History
Received: 20 May 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University (HREC-DCU-P 2024-001). All experiments were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional guidelines and regulations. The study design followed the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 guidelines and was registered with the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20250106002) on January 06, 2025. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
