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Authors
Attia, Nasr Mohamed
Hamdi, Kareem
El-sebaai, Ahmed
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Zagazig University
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Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Ethical approval was granted the Ethical Committee of scientific research, Faculty of Dentistry, Delta university under this code number (DU: 0240221003). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study prior to their participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
