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Authors
Okuda, Makoto
Suehiro, Yuto
Lapirattanakul, Jinthana
Naka, Shuhei
Matsumoto-Nakano, Michiyo
Nomura, Ryota
Okawa, Rena
Nakano, Kazuhiko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was performed following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Graduate School of Dentistry, The University of Osaka (Ethic No. R1-E51-1), and prior written informed consent was obtained from participants and/or the legal guardians of participants.
: Not applicable. This study did not contain any details related to individual persons that required agreement for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
