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Authors
Suprabha, Baranya Shrikrishna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-3121
Sharma, Harshitha
Shenoy, Ramya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-4415
Rao, Arathi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-1274
Shwetha, Kunnumal Thekkeveetil
Kaur, Raghbir
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
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Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 20 December 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical clearance to conduct the study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore (Protocol Ref No: 20019). The study procedure was explained to the parents via a parent information sheet, and a written informed consent was obtained. Written informed assent from the child was obtained after the study procedure was explained via a participant information sheet. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, as revised in 2013.
: Written informed consent was obtained from participating parents and written informed assent was obtained from the participating children for publication of the study data. All the data collected during the study were anonymized to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of participants. Identifiable information was coded prior to analysis, in accordance with the ethical standards.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
