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Article History

Received: 24 July 2025

Accepted: 5 November 2025

First Online: 17 December 2025

Change Date: 20 February 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The Funding section was updated.

Declarations

:

: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, which was carried out in compliance with the guidelines outlined in the 2008 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The legal guardians of the minors who participated in the study signed informed consent forms authorizing the anonymous use of their medical information. Patients aged 18 years provided informed consent forms themselves, allowing the anonymous use of their medical data.

: The legal guardians of the minors and the patients aged 18 years signed informed consent forms authorizing the anonymous use of their medical data.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.