El Mansy, Maryam Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-1710
Saleh, Reham Sayed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-2797
Rashed, Mohamed Farouk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0254-5971
El-Motayam, Ahmed Kamal https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5054-5545
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Centre Egypt
Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was carried out in accordance with the ethical standards laid out in the 1964 declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments and approved by the Medical Research Ethical Committee at the National Research Centre, Egypt; approval number: 0343 on November 26, 2024. For all participants, written informed consent was obtained from the parents, who approved the inclusion of their children in this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.