Document is current

Article History

Received: 1 August 2025

Accepted: 19 November 2025

First Online: 28 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Xi’an Jiaotong University (Approval No xjkqll[2021] No.43). Informed consent to participate was obtained from all the participants in the study.

: For the present retrospective study, all participants/patients whose personal or clinical details are included in the manuscript provided written informed consent for the publication of such information, in compliance with ethical guidelines and the study’s ethical approval.With specific reference to Supplementary Figure 1: While the images contained therein are primarily explanatory in nature and not derived from the study’s core participants, any individuals depicted in these figures have also provided written informed consent for their images to be published as part of this supplementary material. These figures are included to illustrate key concepts, methodologies, or contextual information relevant to the study, and all identifying elements therein are published with explicit permission from the individuals involved.

: The authors declare no competing interests.