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Authors
Wu, Yongwei
Zhao, Zichen
Lu, Jinglin
Ying, Qiaohui
Huang, XinYi
Zhang, Xin
Sun, Changyun
Yu, Jian
Guo, Jie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
国家自然科学基金 (82370999)
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment in the study. This research received approval from the Ethics Committee of Shandong University (approval number: 20241006) and adheres strictly to the ethical principles for human research outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revised edition).
: All participants provided written informed consent for the publication of their anonymized clinical data and any potentially identifiable images.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
