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Authors
Adel, Samar M.
El-Harouni, Nadia
Kassem, Hassan E.
Zaher, Abbas R.
Vaiid, Nikhillesh
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 15 April 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the institutional review board at the Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University (IRB: 00010556-IORG: 0008839). Informed consents were obtained from all participants whose scans were utilized. All procedures were done in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consents were signed by patients whose scans were used in the study for the inclusion of the scan images for the purpose of publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
