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Can artificial intelligence chatbots think like dentists? A comparative analysis based on dental specialty examination questions in restorative dentistry

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-07612-9

Published Online: 2026-01-06

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Haberal, Merve https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-0947
Hançerlioğulları, Dilek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-1200
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-06

Version of Record valid from 2026-02-03
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Article History

Received: 7 November 2025

Accepted: 26 December 2025

First Online: 6 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. Open-source public data was used in this study.

: Not applicable since there was no direct human contact.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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