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Authors
Kido, Jun-ichi
Kido, Rie
Ando, Sachiko
Shinozaki, Atsuko
Bando, Mika
Inagaki, Yuji
Seki, Yasuhiro
Ohiro, Yoshiyuki
Yumoto, Hiromichi
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Article History
Received: 9 August 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: This clinical study was a cross-sectional study and was performed after the approval of the Ethics Committee of Tokushima University Hospital (No. 4225) in accordance with Helsinki Declaration of 2013. This study was performed between October 31, 2022 and May 31, 2024 at Tokushima University Hospital and Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd. Participants were patients with or without periodontal diseases at Tokushima University Hospital and volunteers belonged to Tokushima University. Ninety-three participants received an explanation of the present study and provided their written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
