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Authors
Magdy, Sara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-513X
Bakr, Asmaa Abou
Botros, Sara A.
Abd El Geleel, Ola https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-094X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
British University in Egypt
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Article History
Received: 26 July 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted following Guidelines and Norms Regulating Research Involving Human Subjects. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University research ethical committee with approval number (FDASU-Rec IR102424). All eligible children provided written informed consent to participate in the current study by their parents.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
