Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Zhang, Ruichu
Lu, Wenhsuan
Chen, Si
Wu, Weiqiang
Wang, Tianyi
Liang, Yuqi
Lu, Xinyue
Dong, Zhirao
Han, Bing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-1092
Zhang, Xiaoyun https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1376-295X
Liu, Xiaomo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-1897
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSSNCT-25B11)
Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSS20250109)
Beijing Research Ward Excellence Program (BRWEP2024W194100100)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L242037)
Clinical Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSS-2023CRF301)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62576013)
Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSSNCT-25B05)
Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation - Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund (Key project L222001)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 27 December 2025
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSSIRB-202392145). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. For participants under the age of 16, consent to participate was obtained from their parents or legal guardians.
: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants. For participants under the age of 18, written informed consent for publication of clinical details and/or clinical images was obtained from their parents or legal guardians. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
