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Authors
Helmy, Rodaina H.
Ammar, Nour
Adham, May M.
Dowidar, Karin ML.
Baraka, Marwa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-5515
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received the approval of the Research Ethics Committee from the Faculty of Dentistry (IORG0008839 #0907 – 04/2024). Written informed consents were obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
