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Authors
Abla, Mohamad Mhdy A.
Shaaban, Ahmed M.
Younis, Passent A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: The protocol adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt (IRB No. 0936-06/2024–00010556). This trial was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT07164417, Date of registration: 10/09/2025; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07164417). All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
