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Authors
Amin, Amira Yehia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9700-1263
Hamdy, Amina https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2045-6410
Wahsh, Marwa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-3322
Etreby, Amr El https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-3847
Emam, Marwa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-0689
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ain Shams University
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 4 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: Research Ethics Committee of Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University “FDASU-REC” waived the ethical approval for this study due to being an in-vitro study with no patients or animal experiments, and only anonymously extracted teeth were included. The study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
