Mabkhot, Basheer Ali
Taha, Sheriene Ezz Eldin
Kamel, Mostafa Hussein
Sabry, Shaimaa Mohamed
Article History
Received: 27 November 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The research procedures adhered to the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received formal approval from the Ethics Review Board of the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University (approval reference: 4-3-22). Additional measures were taken to safeguard the rights and well-being of the child participants. The study protocol was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05250609) on February 22, 2022. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant’s parent or legal guardian prior to enrollment.
: This section is not applicable to the present work.
: The authors declare no competing interests.