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Authors
Cheung, Chiyuen
Lu, Hongfei
Tu, Shaoqin
Chen, Xinyuan
Feng, Yi
Shao, YiTing
Liu, Yuyao
Mai, Zhihui
Ai, Hong
Chen, Zheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82271021)
National Natural Science Foundation Cultivation Project of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat sen University (2024GZRPYMS06)
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Article History
Received: 6 December 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
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: This research was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Ethical Approval No. SL-II2025-336-01) and retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2500109167 on September 14, 2025). All participants provided informed consent prior to participation. The initial page of the online questionnaire presented a detailed informed consent statement, and participants were required to confirm their agreement before proceeding to the survey questions. The authors affirm that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration.
: Not applicable. This study utilized an anonymous cross-sectional survey, and the manuscript does not contain any identifying images or personal clinical data of participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
