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Authors
Chen, Jingyi
Wang, Yao
Du, Wenke
Xia, Mingjiang
Chen, Yan
Zhang, Yinghong
Yang, Yingchao
Su, Kaiming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YG2024LC07)
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Article History
Received: 18 August 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Declarations
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: This cross-sectional study was granted approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, with the application number 2024 − 198. Informed written consent was obtained from the parents and/or legal guardians of all participating children before data collection. The study was conducted at Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital (Shanghai, China) in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its subsequent amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
