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Authors
Grover, Vani
Acharya, Shashi Rashmi
Chatra, Akshatha
Mayya, Arun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Kasturba Medical College and Kasturba Hospital (Approval No: IEC/230/2023). This was an in vitro laboratory study using commercially available restorative materials; therefore, no human participants or animals were involved, and informed consent was not required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
