Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
El-Salam, Shady Abd
Aboalnaga, Amira A.
Tawfik, Wael A.
Salah Fayed, Mona M.
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 6 December 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 21 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki for research involving human subjects. This study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Cairo University, Egypt. Written informed consents were obtained from all patients treated at the orthodontic department of Cairo university after the nature and possible consequences of the study had been explained to them.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
