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Authors
Qin, Han
Miao, Hui
Wang, Pei
Li, Jinru
Liu, Yifan
Chen, Xiaohua
Sun, Dongliang
Yang, Hongxu
Guo, Shaoxiong
Yu, Shibin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Key Research and Development Project (2023YFC3605600)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202014)
Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2024SF-YBXM-260)
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Article History
Received: 9 February 2026
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University (Protocol No. KQ-YJ-2023-085) and adhered strictly to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The data were collected from the medical records of previous patients. Informed consent from participants was obtained orally before the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
