Wang, Hao
Du, Wen
Yang, Bo
Liu, Mengyu
Xu, Chunwei
Zhang, Wei
Xu, Chenfan
He, Leyang
Zhang, Wenbo
Yu, Yao
Lin, Jianan
Peng, Xin
Wang, Hao
Peng, Xin
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Clinical Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSS-2024CRF101)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund (L242031)
the Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research (CFH2024-1-4101)
Article History
Received: 10 January 2026
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University School of Stomatology (Approval No. PKUSSIRB-2025108050). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified data, informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Peking University School of Stomatology.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.