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Authors
Ismail, Reem M.
Abdelhamed, Ibrahim Mohamed https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8442-2810
Samir, Wafaa
Alryess, Amany M.
El-Mahallawy, Yehia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-9978
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 17 December 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2026
First Online: 7 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethics Committee Faculty of Dentistry Alexandria University (IRB: 0156-09/2020) granted this work, which was registered in clinicaltrials.gov [NCT07058597/ 2025-07-01]. All methods were carried out per Helsinki Declaration guidelines.All of the involved subjects signed a written informed consent before the start of the treatment protocol for the participation in this study. They were thoroughly informed regarding the nature, risks, and benefits of the study before enrolling in the study.
: All of the involved subjects signed an informed consent before the start of the treatment protocol for the utilization of their medical and radiographic records for scientific purposes.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
