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Authors
Mun, Hye Young
Kim, Kyuseok
Kang, Jung Yun
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Article History
Received: 12 February 2026
Accepted: 21 May 2026
First Online: 23 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional and national guidelines and regulations. As this study involved secondary analysis of anonymized and aggregate-level data, the study protocol was reviewed and determined to be exempt from review by the Institutional Review Board of Yonsei University Mirae Campus (IRB No. 1041849-202501-SB-015-01). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Yonsei University Mirae Campus. No personally identifiable information was accessed during data collection, preprocessing, or analysis.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
