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Authors
Chang, Po-Hsiang https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7686-6577
Chiu, Sheng-Chun
Chiu, Wei-Chih
Tso, Kai-Yun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7850-3770
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Cheng Kung University Hospital (NCKUH-10706019)
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2026
Accepted: 21 May 2026
First Online: 4 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Cheng Kung University Hospital (IRB No. A-ER-113-057). The requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study involving de-identified medical records.
: Not applicable (this study does not contain any individual person’s identifiable data).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
