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Authors
Yang, Yiyun
Zhou, Lu
Hong, Xiaomei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8409-8935
Ye, Mingfu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2142
Yang, Yang
Deng, Xiaoling https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-7194
Xu, Mingyan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-403X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Innovation Team Project of the Scientific Research Cultivation Fund at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College (2023XKCX00030)
Basic Research Training Project of Xiamen Medical College (K2023-22)
iamen Medical College-Hospital joint funding project (K2023-05)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82270988)
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Article History
Received: 6 September 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xiamen Stomatological Hospital (IRB-HS20221207002). If the tooth was deemed non-restorable and the patient opted for implant treatment, a standardized IIP protocol was formulated, and written informed consent obtained. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and followed STROBE reporting guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
