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Authors
Helal, Mohamed H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4064-4981
Elguindy, Hoda M.
Ghoraba, Sahar F.
Shoukheba, Malak Y.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tanta University
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Article History
Received: 15 March 2026
Accepted: 1 June 2026
First Online: 23 June 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Faculty of Dentistry Research Ethics Committee, Tanta University, Egypt (Approval No. OMPDR-07-19-5). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
