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Authors
Amaechi, Bennett Tochukwu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5097-4466
Yang, Kelly
Obiefuna, Amos Chinedu
Omosebi, Temitope Olabisi
Fandrich, Pascal
Schulze zur Wiesche, Erik
Enax, Joachim
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Germany (176000)
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Article History
Received: 3 October 2025
Accepted: 11 June 2026
First Online: 18 June 2026
Declarations
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: University of Texas Health San Antonio Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval (TR202500000010) was obtained for the procurement of the bovine incisors. Waiver of IRB approval and informed consent was obtained from the University of Texas Health San Antonio Institutional Review Board for saliva donation by members of the research team for pellicle formation. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles that have their origins in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Not applicable, as no identifiable personal data is included in the manuscript.
: PF, ESzW, and JE are employees of Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Germany, the company that funded the study.All other authors declared no conflict of interest.
