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Authors
Sufiawati, Irna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2506-5105
Heldayani, Iin
Santoso, Astrid Widhowaty
Hartantri, Yovita
Wisaksana, Rudi
Gonçalves, Lucio Souza
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Padjadjaran
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2026
Accepted: 25 June 2026
First Online: 3 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung (No. 351/UN6.KEP/EC/2023). Written informed consent was obtained from all participating patients for their involvement in this research study, including the use and publication of anonymized data and any collected images for scientific purposes, in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
