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Authors
Alhosainy, Ashraf Yassin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9469-264X
Dean, Jeffrey A
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mansoura University
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2026
Accepted: 2 July 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University (Approval No. R.25.11.84). Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians for the use of extracted primary molars in research. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
