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Authors
Shirahmadi, Samaneh
Khazaei, Salman
Shokouhi, Parisa
Barkhordar, Shaghayegh
Bashirian, Saeed
Miresmaeili, Amir Farhang
Aghabozorgi, Danial
Kokabian, Sima
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The research described in this manuscript was supported by a grant from the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.079)
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Article History
Received: 11 May 2026
Accepted: 14 July 2026
First Online: 8 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences approved this study (IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.079). Parents of participating children or legal guardians provided informed written consent after a thorough explanation of the study’s objectives, potential risks and benefits, and the voluntary nature of participation. Additionally, consent was obtained from children aged 7 to 12. All participant data remains anonymous, and no direct benefits or incentives were offered for participation.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
