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Article History

Received: 9 June 2022

Accepted: 24 March 2023

First Online: 30 March 2023

Declarations

:

: <b>All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.</b> Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethical Review Board in the Humanities and Social and Behavioural Sciences of the University of Helsinki (Statement 1/2020, 15.1.2020), The Bioethics Committee of hospitals in Kuopio (89/2020, 19.11.2020), Oulu (146/2020, 9.6.2020), Essote and SiunSote-Healthcare Districts (49/2020, 10.19.2020) have approved the study with regard to the Data Protection Authority of Finland.Written informed consent was obtained from each of the participants. If they wished for further communication regarding spiritual issues, they were encouraged to do so either with the health care professional or pastor, who delivered the questionnaire, or to contact the hospital counsellor or someone in their religious community or the researchers. Team members were available to all participants for questions and discussions.Permissions to translate the EORTC-SWB32 scale and to use the EORTC-C30 were obtained from the copyright holder (EORTC) on 3 September 2019 and 2 February 2020, respectively. In addition, the use of 15D was approved by prof Harri Sintonen (University of Helsinki), on 14 October 2019.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.