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Article History

Received: 18 February 2025

Accepted: 21 April 2025

First Online: 22 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study conformed to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. To conduct the validity and reliability study of the T-SNAP, formal permissions were obtained. The adaptation of the scale was authorized by Sharma et al., ethical approval was granted by the ethics committee of the Batman University under decision number 2021/03 - 06, and institutional permissions were secured from the hospitals where the study was conducted (Institution (1) protocol number: E- 42190979 - 000 - 2300097844, Institution (2) protocol number: E- 28050591 - 044 - 389764, and Institution (3) protocol number: E- 75626256 - 051 - 2500042). Additionally, written informed consent was obtained from all participants before inclusion.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.