Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 May 2025

Accepted: 3 December 2025

First Online: 25 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences (Ethical code: IR.IUMS.REC.1399.1097) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to data collection, the researcher introduced themselves to each participant, explained the study’s objectives, and answered any questions. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, who were assured of complete confidentiality and informed of their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Participants also granted permission for audio recording of their interviews, solely for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.