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Authors
Lu, Cengceng
Li, Jing
Chen, Huan
Zhao, Yue
Ding, Min
Wang, Yan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Shihezi University Research Fund (No. ZZZC2022083)
the Shihezi University Research Fund (No. ZZZC2022083)
the Shihezi University Research Fund (No. ZZZC2022083)
the Shihezi University Research Fund (No. ZZZC2022083)
the Shihezi University Research Fund (No. ZZZC2022083)
the Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Nursing Association (Project No. ZHKYQ202404)
the Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Nursing Association (Project No. ZHKYQ202404)
the Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Nursing Association (Project No. ZHKYQ202404)
the Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Nursing Association (Project No. ZHKYQ202404)
the Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Nursing Association (Project No. ZHKYQ202404)
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Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Accepted: 8 July 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was performed according to the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University (reference number: AF/SC-08/01.0). In order to maintain confidentiality, participants’ information was anonymized, and pseudonyms were used. Written informed consent was obtained from participants in this study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
