Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 February 2017

Accepted: 7 June 2018

First Online: 20 June 2018

Authors’ information

: RO has a Ph.D. in Health Sciences from Ghent University in Belgium; JO has a Ph.D. and is an Associate at Population Council, Nairobi. SK is a PhD student at Population Studies and Research Institute, University of Nairobi. IA has a Ph.D. and is the Director, Department of Reproductive Health and Research at WHO and was a co-promoter of RO at Ghent University. MT is a Professor and MD, at the Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and was the promoter of RO at the same institution.

: Permission to conduct this study was obtained from Family Health International’s Protection of Human Subjects Committee (USA), the Kenyatta National Hospital/University of Nairobi - Ethical Review Committee (Kenya), and the National Council for Science and Technology (Government of Kenya) approved the study protocol. Consent was not sought from parents/guardians of participants aged below 18 years for this study because a sex worker is emancipated, sexually active and most often live alone. Verbal consent was provided by the study participants and waiver of signed informed consent was requested in accordance with 45 CFR 46. The study posed minimal risk to participants and the only record linking participants with the study would be the signed informed consent form. Oral informed consent with signature by the Research Assistant attesting to adherence to proper informed consent procedures and to the reception of the informed consent of the participant was therefore used in the place of signed informed consent forms. No identifying information was connected with the interviews or retained following the completion of the analysis.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.