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Article History

Received: 27 January 2020

Accepted: 26 July 2020

First Online: 1 August 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: To ensure understanding and voluntary informed consent, participants were verbally (preferred method due to high rates of illiteracy) provided with information about the nature of the study both at the time of invitation, and again on arrival for the interview. Participants were also given a phone number for contact with a research officer that they could call to ask questions about the interview.Prior to the interview, informed verbal and written consent was obtained for all individual participants. In cases of illiteracy, written consent was obtained by thumbprint. Minors (i.e. <16y) provided verbal assent and their parent or legal guardian written consent. In cases where adolescents were unable to consent (i.e. severe communication impairment or perceived lack of capacity) then consent was only obtained from the parent or legal guardian and data was only collected via the caregiver. No data was collected in instances that adolescents indicated objection to participation, even in instances of parental consent.This study adhered to STROBE guidelines and has ethical approval from the Bangladesh Medical Research Council (BMRC/NREC/2013–2016/1165) and University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (2016/646). All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of these institutes and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Not applicable.

: The authors report no conflicts of interest.