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Article History

Received: 16 June 2022

Accepted: 7 March 2023

First Online: 27 March 2023

Declarations

:

: The present study has been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the National Ethics Committee of Côte d’Ivoire (approval number: 011–19/MSHP/CNESVS-kp). Informed consent to participate in the study and to do audio recording were obtained before each interview. For illiterate participants, informed consent was obtained from their legally authorized representatives. All the questionnaires, recorded tapes and transcripts were kept anonymous in the personal computer of the researchers which had a password. The study findings were reported anonymously.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not represent the official views of The National Cancer Institute and the National Institutes of Health.

: Désiré Dahourou⁷, Sophie Desmonde⁷, Julie Jesson⁷, Valeriane Leroy⁷, Antoine Jaquet¹, Didier Koumavi Ekouevi¹, François Dabis¹, Renaud Becquet¹, Charlotte Bernard¹, Karen Malateste¹, Olivier Marcy¹, Marie Kerbie Plaisy¹, Elodie Rabourdin¹, Thierry Tiendrebeogo¹, Raoul Moh³, Jean-Claude Azani³, Jean Jacques Koffi³, Eric Komena³, Maika Bengali³, Abdoulaye Cissé³, Guy Gnepa³, Apollinaire Horo⁶, Simon Boni², Eulalie Kangah³, Corinne Moh³, Jeanne Eliam³, Ighovwerha Ofotokun⁸, Noelle Benzekri⁹, Geoffrey Goettlieb⁹, Marcel Djimon Zannou¹⁰, Armel Poda¹¹, Oliver Ezechi¹², Eugene Messou¹³, Henri Chenal¹⁴, Kla Albert Minga¹⁵, Aristophane Tanon⁴, Moussa Seydi¹⁶, Ephrem Mensah¹⁷, Caroline Yonaba¹⁸, Lehila Bagnan Tossa¹⁰, Marcelline d’Almeida¹⁰, Jocelyn Dame¹⁹, Sylvie Marie N’Gbeche¹³, Kouadio Kouakou¹⁴, Madeleine Amorissani Folquet²⁰, François Tanoh Eboua²¹, Fatoumata Dicko Traore²², Agatha David¹², Elom Takassi²³.<b>Affiliations</b>:⁷Inserm UMR 1295, Toulouse, France.⁸Emory University, Atlanta, USA.⁹ Washington University, Washington, USA.¹⁰CNHU, Cotonou, Benin.¹¹CHU Souro Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.¹²National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Lagos, Nigeria.¹³ACONDA CePReF, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.¹⁴CIRBA, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.¹⁵CMSDS, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.¹⁶CHU de Fann, Dakar, Senegal.¹⁷Clinique EVT, Lomé, Togo.¹⁸CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.¹⁹Korle Bu Hospital, Accra, Ghana.²⁰CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.²¹CHU de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.²²Hôpital Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali.²³CHU Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé, Togo.