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Article History

Received: 26 January 2024

Accepted: 11 October 2024

First Online: 28 October 2024

Declarations

:

: First, ethical clearance was sought from the Research Ethical Committee (REC) of the School of Public Health at Adama Hospital Medical College. Then, letters of permission were obtained from the Adama Town Mayor's office. Following approval of ethical clearance and permission, written informed consent was obtained from the homeless women after a clear explanation of the purpose of the study in the language they understood, and illiterate participants were provided their informed consent by their own right index finger signature. They were not requested to tell their name, to keep the anonymity of the information. They were informed that they could discontinue the interview at any time if they were not agreeing with the interview. However, they informed that their cooperativeness and honest answers give great value for the success of the study and eventually help in designing appropriate interventions to solve the problem. Privacy and confidentiality of the study participants were assured.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.