XiaoNan, Li
MeiHan, Chen
Dan, Hou
Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was a retrospective analysis using data derived from the Health Medicine Big Data Platform of the Health Medicine Department, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. Since the research utilized de-identified and anonymized data without any interventional procedures, informed consent from participants was not required in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Guidelines for the Construction of Ethics Review Committees for Human-Related Clinical Research(2023) by the National Health Commission of China and the Chinese Hospital Association, as well as the regulations of the Ethics Committee of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Ethical Approval No. Y [2025] 243) and conducted in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.