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Article History

Received: 16 December 2024

Accepted: 29 August 2025

First Online: 13 October 2025

Declarations

:

: All methods and procedures pertaining to this study were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The Research Ethics Committee (REC) of the Faculty of Nursing/Ain Shams University in Cairo city/Egypt approved this study (code number 24.03.244) on the basis of the standards of the committee. The Dean of the Faculty of Nursing/Ain Shams University sent official letters to Tanta University Hospital and Al-Minshawi General Hospital in Tanta government city/Egypt, requesting their approval and collaboration for executing the study and gathering the data. These letters clarify the study’s purpose and procedures. Formal consent was received from each woman after explaining all the study phases and being instructed about her right to leave the study without giving rationales. The anonymity and confidentiality of the data collected were guaranteed for the postmenopausal women.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.