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Authors
Küçükkaya, Burcu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-9794
Yüksek, Betül https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4600-8370
Shafaei, Ailin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3783-8757
Göçen, Azra https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2165-9252
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (1919B012400802)
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2026
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee of a public university (Date: May 7, 2025; Decision No: 2025-SBB-0323). Institutional approval was also obtained from the Bartın Provincial Directorate of Health to conduct the study at Şehit Furkan Yılmaz Healthy Life Center and Karaköy Healthy Life Center, affiliated with the Bartın Central Community Health Center. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Written consent was not obtained due to the sensitive nature of the topic and to ensure participant comfort; this procedure was approved by the ethics committee. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As this was a cross-sectional study, the STROBE guidelines were followed. This research was supported by the 2209/A University Students Research Projects Support Program (Project No.: 1919B012400802) for the 2024/1 period.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
