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Authors
Kumakech, Edward
Benyumiza, Deo
Musinguzi, Marvin
Inzama, Wilfred
Doryn, Ebong
Okello, James
Kabiri, Lydia
Ogwal-Okeng, Jasper Watson
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Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Accepted: 26 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study’s ethical approval was obtained from the Gulu University Research Ethics Committee (GUREC) under the approval number GUREC-2022-309. Informed consent was obtained from the participants aged 18 and above. Given the participants aged 15–17 years were sexually active and living with HIV, they were regarded as emancipated minors and therefore also provided informed consent like the adult participants. Consent was provided through written signatures or thumbprints. Research assistants facilitated the consent process to ensure participants fully understood the study, its procedures, risk, benefits, and their rights to withdraw from the study without any penalties.The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and other relevant ethical guidelines. Participants were compensated with 10,000 Ugandan shillings (approximately three U.S. dollars) for their time and participation in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
