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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101696)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82271656)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171614)
CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2025-I2M-C&T-B-013)
National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Project (82530054)
National High Level Hospital Clinical ResearchFunding (2025-PUMCH-C-037)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2706001)
the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project (YS00063)
Peking Union Medical College Hospital Outstanding Young Talent Development Program (UBJ11383)
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Article History
Received: 14 March 2026
Accepted: 14 July 2026
First Online: 25 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was conducted by the Ethics Committee of the PUMCH in 2024 (project: K24N0804). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
