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Authors
Das, Priya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-8986
Saha, Subhadeep https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9020-2440
Roy, Tamal Basu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-8904
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Article History
Received: 1 April 2026
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 8 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The ethical approval of the NFHS-5 (2019–2021) was obtained from the ethics review board of the International Institute for Population Science (IIPS), Mumbai. The survey was also reviewed and approved by the ICF and International Review Board (IRB). For participation in this survey, informed written and verbal consent was obtained from the participants at the time of the survey. Each participant’s approval was sought, and after that, the interview was conducted. The study involved secondary analysis of publicly available data. Thus independent ethical approval was not needed. However, the corresponding author received permission from to use the data for analysis. All the methods were performed in accordance with the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki guidelines.
Consent for publication: Not Applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
