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Authors
Asogwa, Ugochukwu Simeon
Ajaero, Chukwuedozie K.
Razum, Oliver
Ajaero, Ijeoma D.
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2024
Accepted: 13 August 2026
First Online: 18 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethics approval and consent to participate were not required as the study used a secondary dataset from the 2024 Demographic and Health Survey of Nigeria (NDHS). The NDHS was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by ORC Macro Institutional, the National Health Research Ethics Committee of Nigeria (NHREC) and the ICF Institutional Review Board. After all questionnaires were finalized in English, they were translated into Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo. The 2024 NDHS used computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for data collection and ensured that informed consent to participate, anonymity, and voluntary participation were applied during the survey.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
